Voting is the act of a director (i.e., board member) or the act of a member of an association to express a preference or choice on a decision to be made by the board or membership, respectively. Voting on certain specified issues, including election or removal of board members, must be done using a secret ballot, double-envelope system as provided in Civil Code section 5100 et seq. Wherever the secret ballot, double envelope system is not required by law or an association’s governing documents, other methods of casting owner votes may be used. These methods are often described in an association’s bylaws and may include voice voting, hand raising, using paper ballots, and conducting a vote entirely by mail using a “Written Ballot” which requires following the explicit procedures found in Corporations Code section 7513. “Vote” is also defined in Corporations Code section 5077.